The reactions of the Calvin cycle could be divided into three primary stages: the carbon fixation stage, the reduction stage, and the regeneration of the starting molecule. In the chloroplasts, ATP is a product of the first stage of photosynthesis, and it provides energy for the second stage. Before you can understand the process of photosynthesis, you … Second stage of photosynthesis – Calvin Cycle The carbon fixation stage (Calvin Cycle) is a series of enzyme controlled reactions which does not require light. How are sugar and oxygen produced in photosynthesis? After radiant energy from sunlight is absorbed, the plant converts light energy into a usable form of chemical energy to fuel the plants cells. 18. The reactions in the first stage of photosynthesis require light in order to proceed. The human population is increasing and this increases demand for food. electron: a negatively charged particle with a very small mass. What is the second stage of photosynthesis? Photosynthesis Summary . Photosynthesis consists of two stages, the light reactions, and the dark reactions. +3. In the first stage, light-dependent reactions or light reactions capture the energy of light and use it to make the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH . Some of the chemical energy is used to make ATP from ADP and phosphate (Pi). dark reactions occur in the stroma and do not require sunlight. What Is Nadph in Photosynthesis? 17. During the second stage of photosynthesis, the electron transport chain transfers light energy to two molecules, _____ and _____ hydrogen. Light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, use light energy to make ATP and NADPH. In the reaction center, the electron passes along a transport chain, aided by the en… What happens to carbon dioxide in the second step of photosynthesis? In plants, carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the chloroplast through the stomata and diffuses into the stroma of the chloroplast—the site of the Calvin cycle reactions where sugar is synthesized. The second stage is the dark reaction phase, where water and carbon dioxide are converted into organic molecules. The overall effect of photosynthesis is to increase the concentration of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere. According to About.com, three types of energy are produced: ATP, NADPH and oxygen, all of which are used in the dark stage of photosynthesis. Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is an organic compound that provides energy for many different metabolic processes. Membrane architecture: The large colored carrier molecules form electron transport chains which capture small amounts of energy from excited electrons in order to store it in ATP and NADPH. Our tips from experts and exam survivors will help you through. This sets off a series of chemical reactions, beginning by converting the sunlight to chemical energy. Our tips from experts and exam survivors will help you through. second major stage of photosynthesis; light independent; converts carbon dioxide into sugar. In summary, photosynthesis is a process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy and used to produce organic compounds. G3P is used to either regenerate RuBP or can be used to synthesise sugars, for example glucose. from ADP and phosphate (Pi). 2. The hydrogen electrons of the water molecule then move to a reaction center in the chlorophyll molecule. Second stage of photosynthesis – Calvin Cycle, The 3-phosphoglycerate that is produced is. In the first stage, the light-dependent reaction, the chloroplast traps light energy and converts it into chemical energy contained in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), two molecules used in the second stage of photosynthesis. In the first stage, chemical reactions use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH. In the second stage, ATP and NADPH are used to reduce 3-PGA into G3P; then ATP and NADPH are converted to ADP and NADP +, respectively. In the second stage, called the light-independent reaction (formerly called the dark reaction), NADPH provides the hydrogen … How Photosynthesis Happens.